A small glossary terms (books)

A Codex is the technological advancement of a scroll. The term refers to handwritten pages in modern book format. It is comprised of separate pages bound together with a cover. The Codex was first used during the Roman Empire. A bound manuscript is considered a codex if it was created between 300 AD – 1500 AD.

Also known as bookplates. Ex Libris are labels of ownership, generally engraved or printed, pasted on the inside of books. They were first used about the middle of the 15th century. The early designs, beginning with those of Durer, contain representations of the heraldic coats of arms of the owners and are usually described as armorial.

A Rebus is a visual pun that substitutes written or visual signs to create new meanings from its common meaning. For instance, the letters C and U substitute for the words “see” and “you.” An image of a heart substitutes for the word “love.” Egyptian hieroglyphic writings and Babylonian cuneiform are examples of the first rebus writings.

Recto refers to the right side of a folded or bound 2-page spread. Odd numbered pages are recto. The first page in a book typically starts on right or the recto.

Verso refers to the left side of a folded or bound 2-page spread. It is the reverse (or verso) of the first page. Even numbered pages are verso. The term is also used to describe the book page opposite the title, where the publisher and copywrite information is printed.

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